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CS Mains Philosophy
Paper I: History and Problems of Philosophy
Section A
- Plato: Theory of Ideas.
- Aristotle: Form, Matter and causation.
- Descartes: Cartesian Method and certain knowledge, God, Mind-Body Dualism.
- Spinoza: Substance, Attributes and Modes, Pantheism; Bondage and Freedom.
- Leibnitz: Monads; Theory of Perception God.
- Locke: Theory of Knowledge, Rejection of Innate Ideas; substance and qualities.
- Berkeley: Immaterialism, God, Criticism of representative Theory of Perception.
- Hume: Theory of knowledge, Skepticism Self, Causality.
- Kant: Distinctions between synthetic and analytic judgments and between aprion and aposteriori judgments, Space, Time Categories, Possibility of Synthetic Apriori Judgments, Ideas of Reason and Antimonies; Criticism of the Proofs for the Existence of God.
- Hegel: Dialectical Method, Absolute Idealism.
- Precursors of Linguistic Analysis: Moore (Defence of common sense, Reputation of idealism), Russell (Theory of Descriptions).
- Logical Atomism: Atomic Facts, Atomic sentences, Logical Constructions and Incomplete Symbols (Rusell), Distinction of saying and showing (Wittgenstein)
- Logical Positivism: Verification theory and rejection of Metaphysics, Linguistic Theory of Necessary Propositions.
- Phenomenology: Husserl.
- Existentialism: Kierkegaard, Sartre.
- Quine: Radical empiricism.
- Strawson: theory of person.
Section B
- Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge, Materialism.
- Jainism: Theory of Reality, Saptabhangi Naya, Bondage and Liberation.
- Buddhism: Pratityasamutpada, Ksanikavýds, Ñairãtmyavãda, Schools of Buddhism, Sautrantika Theory of Pramana, Ideal of Bodhisattva.
- Samkhya: Prakriti, Purusa, Theory of Causation, Liberation.
- Naya-Vãisesika: Theory of Pramãna, Self, Liberation, God and Proofs of God’s Existence, Categories, Theory of Causation, Atomistic theory of Creation.
- Mimãnsã: Theory of Knowledge.
- Vedãnta: Schools of Vedãntã Sankara, Rãmãnuja, Madhva (Brahman, Isvara, Ãtman, Jiva, Jagat, Mãyã, Avidyã Adhyãsã, Moksã).
Paper II
Section A
Socio-Political Philosophy
- Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty.
- Sovereignty (Austin, Boidin, Laski, Kautilya).
- Individual and State.
- Democracy; Concept and forms.
- Socialism and Marxism.
- Humanism.
- Secularism.
- Theories of punishment.
- Co-existence and violence; Sarvoday.
- Gender-Equality.
- Scientific Temper and Progress.
- Philosophy of Ecology.
Section B
Philosophy of Religion
- Notions of God: Personalistic, Imparsonalistic, Naturalistic.
- Proofs of the Existence of God and their criticisms.
- Immortality of Soul.
- Liberation.
- Problem of Evil.
- Religious Knowledge: Reason, Revelation and Mysticism.
- Religion without God.
- Religion and Morality.
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